Journal: Cell and tissue research

Article Title: CXCL13 is expressed in a subpopulation of neuroendocrine cells in the murine trachea and lung.

doi: 10.1007/s00441-021-03552-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4 CXCL13 is expressed in two-thirds of the murine tracheal neuroendocrine cells. a, b Immunohistochemistry of tracheal whole mounts and the corresponding quantification of their immunoreactive cells; maximum intensity projec- tions of z-stacks of confocal optical sections. a Immuno- histochemistry with antibodies against CXCL13 (a) (green) and PGP9.5 (a′) (red), labeling single neuroendocrine cells and nerve fibers. CXCL13+/ PGP9.5+ cells are indicated by arrowheads; CXCL13−/ PGP9.5+ cells are indicated by ( <). Data points in the scatter plot (a‴) represent mean values of counts in one trachea (n = 5 tracheas); mean and SEM are indicated. The pie chart shows the percentages of CXCL13+/ PGP9.5+ and CXCL13−/ PGP9.5+ cells (n = 2254 cells pooled from 5 tracheas). b Immunohistochemistry with antibodies against CXCL13 (b) (green) and CGRP (b′) (red), labeling single neu- roendocrine cells and nerve fibers. CXCL13+/CGRP+ cells are indicated by arrowheads; CXCL13−/CGRP+ cells are indicated by ( <); CXCL13+/ CGRP− cells are indicated by (*). Data points in the scatter plot (b‴) represent mean values of counts in one trachea (n = 5 tracheas); mean and SEM are indicated. The pie chart shows the percentages of phenotypes (n = 2650 cells pooled from 5 tracheas)

Article Snippet: Floating sections were rinsed in PBS, and unspecific protein binding sites were saturated with 10% normal porcine serum in 0.005 M PBS for 1 h. Sections were incubated overnight with goat polyclonal antibody against CXCL13 (1:400 AF470, R&D Systems) or rabbit polyclonal antibody against αCGRP (1:20,000; T-4032, Peninsula Laboratories) followed by incubation for 1 h with peroxidase-conjugated pig anti-rabbit Ig (1:100; P0217, Dako, Santa Clara, USA) to detect CGRP or with biotinylated secondary donkey anti-goat IgG (1:400; 705–065- 147, Dianova) to detect CXCL13.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Labeling

Journal: Cell and tissue research

Article Title: CXCL13 is expressed in a subpopulation of neuroendocrine cells in the murine trachea and lung.

doi: 10.1007/s00441-021-03552-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6 CXCL13 is less expressed in murine broncho- pulmonary solitary and clustered neuroendocrine cells. Immunohistochemistry of lung cryosections with antibodies against CXCL13 (orange) and CGRP (green) and the relative frequencies of immunoreactive phenotypes. a Solitary neuroen- docrine cell co-labeled with antibodies against CXCL13 and CGRP. b Solitary neu- roendocrine cell only labeled with antibodies against CGRP. c A cluster of neuroendocrine cells (neuroepithelial body) consisting of more than 7 cells, 2 of them are co-labeled with antibodies against CXCL13 and CGRP. d Pie chart shows percentages of CXCL13+/ CGRP+ and CXCL13−/CGRP+- immunolabeled cells in solitary neuroendocrine cells (n = 73 cells pooled from 5 animals). e Pie chart shows the percent- age of CXCL13+/CGRP+ and CXCL13−/CGRP+- immunolabeled cells in neu- roepithelial bodies (n = 1475 cells pooled from 5 animals)

Article Snippet: Floating sections were rinsed in PBS, and unspecific protein binding sites were saturated with 10% normal porcine serum in 0.005 M PBS for 1 h. Sections were incubated overnight with goat polyclonal antibody against CXCL13 (1:400 AF470, R&D Systems) or rabbit polyclonal antibody against αCGRP (1:20,000; T-4032, Peninsula Laboratories) followed by incubation for 1 h with peroxidase-conjugated pig anti-rabbit Ig (1:100; P0217, Dako, Santa Clara, USA) to detect CGRP or with biotinylated secondary donkey anti-goat IgG (1:400; 705–065- 147, Dianova) to detect CXCL13.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Labeling, Immunolabeling

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) A PCR array was used to detect the expression of 84 cytokines/chemokines in eight highly polluted region (HPR) lung cancers. ( B ) The ratios of CXCL13 in tumor samples to their counterpart normal lung tissues from both the HPR and control region (CR) non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). ( C ) Comparison of the CXCL13 tumor /CXCL13 normal values of the HPR patients with the CR cases. ( D, E ) CXCL13 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in HPR and CR patients ( D ), and the immunoreactivity score was calculated ( E ). ( F ) Western blot analyses of lysates from the tumors and adjacent normal lung tissues harvested from CR NSCLCs. ( G ) The concentrations of CXCL13 in the blood samples from healthy donors (HDs) and HPR and CR patients were detected by ELISA. ( H, I ) CXCL13 expression in Oncomine reports. ( H ) CXCL13 expression was detected by microarrays in tumor samples and normal lung tissues. AD, adenocarcinoma; A+S, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma; Ca, Canada; It, Italy; Jp, Japan; SC, squamous cell carcinoma; Tw, Taiwan, China. ( I ) The expression of CXCL13 was detected in tumor tissues of smokers and non-smokers. ( J ) In mouse Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets, the expression of cxcl13 in indicated mice was detected by microarray. ( K ) The relationship between the CXCL13 expression and the tumor stages of lung cancer patients. ( L ) Overall survival of 54 CR patients (see for their baseline demographic characteristics). The median follow-up was 1087 days (range, 187–1845 days). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.003 10.7554/eLife.09419.004 Figure 1—source data 1. Sequences of primers for real-time PCR and ChIP, and siRNA. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.004

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Microarray, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: Baseline demographic characteristics of 54 control region (CR) lung cancer patients whose survival information was available. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.008

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques:

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: Baseline demographic characteristics of the 201 patients who underwent CXCL13 analyses. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.006

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques:

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: Multivariate logistic analyses of the association between CXCL13 high expression and clinical characteristics. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.007

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) A PCR array analysis of the expression of 84 cytokines/chemokines in 16HBE normal lung epithelial cells treated with 1 μM BaP for 30 days. ( B ) The cells were treated with BaP at 10 μM for indicated time points or with the indicated concentrations for 72 hr, and CXCL13 expression was assessed by real-time RT-PCR. The experiments were conducted in triplicate and repeated three times. The error bars represent the SD. ( C ) The cells were treated with BaP as described in ( B ), and the concentration of CXCL13 in the supernatants was evaluated by ELISA. ( D ) The A/J mice were treated with BaP and/or dexamethasone (DEX) for 5 weeks (see also ) and sacrificed 6 months later. The lung tissues were isolated and analyzed by Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining or immunohistochemistry (IHC) using an anti-Cxcl13 antibody (left panel). The immunoreactivity score was calculated (right panel). ( E ) Cxcl13 expression was detected in the lung tissues by real-time PCR. ( F ) The concentration of Cxcl13 in mouse serum was assayed by ELISA. ( G ) IHC assays of mice’ lung tumor tissues using anti-Cd68, anti-Ttf1, and anti-Cxcl13 antibodies. ( H ) Immunofluorescence assay of mice’ lung tumor tissues using antibodies against Cxcl13 (green), Cd68 (red), and Ttf1 (white). 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was used to stain the nucleus (blue). ( I ) The survival curves of the mice treated with BaP and/or DEX (n=8 for each group). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.009

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Isolation, Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Immunofluorescence

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) The AhR binding site is located at 1.7 kb downstream of the CXCL13 transcription start site (TSS). ( B ) A chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was performed in BaP-treated or untreated 16HBE cells. The enriched CXCL13 was detected by qPCR. ( C ) The A549 cells were transfected with the wild-type (WT) or mutant (deletion mutation (mut) in the XRE-like sequence) CXCL13 promoter-luciferase reporter construct, treated with BaP and/or α-NF for 48 hr, and assessed by the luciferase assays. ( D, E ) A549 cells were transfected with AhR-specific siRNAs, and western blot was performed to detect the expression of AhR. Three siRNAs were used, and the result of one was shown ( D ). Luciferase assays were performed in A549 cells transfected with the WT CXCL13 promoter-luciferase reporter construct and siRNAs in the absence or presence of BaP ( E ). ( F, G ) Western blot analyses of AhR in the cytoplasm and nucleus of 16HBE cells co-incubated with BaP, with or without α-NF treatment ( F ) or siRNA transfections ( G ). ( H, I ) Immunofluorescence assays of AhR expression in 16HBE cells co-incubated with BaP, with or without α-NF treatment ( H ) or siRNA transfections ( I ). ( J, K ) CXCL13 mRNA (detected by qPCR; J ) and protein (in supernatants of the cells detected by ELISA; K ) levels in the AhR-silenced 16HBE cells treated with BaP and/or α-NF. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.011

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Transfection, Mutagenesis, Sequencing, Luciferase, Construct, Western Blot, Expressing, Incubation, Immunofluorescence, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) The expression of Cxcl13 in the mice. (B) Schematic represents the protocols for administration of BaP in the mice. ( C ) The expression of Cxcr5 in the mice. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.013

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Cxcl13 deficiency mice were treated with BaP, sacrificed 120 days, 180 days or 240 days later, and the tumor nodules in histologic sections were analyzed. See also . ( B ) MicroCT scanning images and HE staining of lung sections from the BaP-treated Cxcl13 wild-type (WT) or knockout mice. ( C ) Tumor volume of the microCT scanning of the mice. ( D ) Serum concentrations of Cxcl13 in the BaP-treated Cxcl13 WT or knockout mice. ( E ) Life span of the BaP-treated Cxcl13 +/+ , Cxcl13 +/- , and Cxcl13 -/- mice. ( F, G ) Cxcr5 expression in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs, n=24; F) and in A/J mice treated with BaP (n=6 for each group; G ). ( H ) Cxcr5 deficiency mice were treated with BaP, sacrificed 120 days, 180 days or 240 days later, and the tumor nodules in histologic sections were analyzed. See also . ( I ) MicroCT scanning images and HE staining of lung sections from BaP-treated Cxcr5 WT or knockout mice. ( J ) Tumor volume of the microCT scanning of the mice. ( K ) Life span of the BaP-treated Cxcr5 WT or knockout mice. *p<0.05; **p<0.01. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.012

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Staining, Knock-Out, Expressing

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A, B ) Flow cytometry analysis of Cd68 + macrophages in BaP-induced tumors. A representative gating is shown. The numbers indicate the Cd68 + cells in the quadrant expressed as the percentage of the total Cd45+ leukocytes from the same tumor ( A ). The means+SD of the Cd68 + cells from the mice (n=10 for each group) are shown ( B ). See also . ( C ) IHC analysis of CD68 + macrophages in tumor samples from BaP-treated mice and highly polluted region (HPR) patients. ( D ) Flow cytometry analysis of Cd68 + macrophages isolated from tumor samples of mice treated with 50 mg/kg BaP using an anti-Cxcr5 antibody. ( E ) Immunofluorescence analysis of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor samples from HPR patients and THP-1 cells using anti-CD68 and anti-CXCR5 antibodies; DAPI was used to counterstain the nucleus. ( F ) A trans-well migration assay was performed by plating THP-1 cells in the lower chambers, and the indicated cells in the upper chambers, with or without anti-CXCR5 antibody. ( G, H ) Bioluminescent assays of mice that were inoculated with A549- Luciferase (Luc) or A549-Luc-CXCL13 cells (8×10 5 ) in the right lung. THP-1 cells (8×10 5 ) were injected via the tail vein. Representative images ( G ) and total luminous flux ( H ) were shown. ( I ) Lung sections of the mice were stained with HE. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.014

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Isolation, Immunofluorescence, Migration, Luciferase, Injection, Staining

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) The pathway analysis of CXCL13 associated genes. The data from the microarray data sets of the eight highly polluted region (HPR) lung cancers are shown. See also . ( B ) Gene ranking according to the correlation with CXCL13 expression. The genes were filtered based on extracellular localization to identify paracrine mediators. The list on the right shows the genes that correlate most significantly with CXCL13 . ( C ) The mRNA expression of the candidate gene was detected in THP-1 cells by qPCR. ( D ) The concentration of SPP1 in supernatants of THP-1 cells in the absence or presence of CXCL13. ( E ) Trans-well migration assays were performed by plating THP-1 cells (transfected with siSPP1 or siNC) in the lower chambers, and the indicated cells (CXCL13-treated or untreated) in the upper chambers. ( F ) Spp1 serum concentrations of mice treated with benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and/or dexamethasone (DEX) were detected by ELISA. ( G ) Spp1 expression in lung section of mice treated with BaP and/or DEX was determined by IHC. ( H ) IHC assays using antibodies against Cd68, Ttf1, and Spp1. ( I ) Immunofluorescence assay using antibodies against Spp1 (green), Cd68 (red), and Ttf1 (white). DAPI was used to stain the nucleus (blue). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.016 10.7554/eLife.09419.017 Figure 6—source data 1. CXCL13 -associated genes in lung cancer. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.017

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Microarray, Expressing, Concentration Assay, Migration, Transfection, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) The expression of indicated genes in lung tissues from A/J mice treated with BaP and/or dexamethasone (DEX) was detected by real-time PCR. ( B ) Western blot analyses of lysates of lung tissues from A/J mice treated with BaP and/or DEX. ( C ) Western blot analyses of cytoplasmic and nucleic protein fractions of lung tissues from A/J mice treated with BaP and/or DEX, using indicated antibodies. ( D ) Western blot analysis of lysates of lung tissues from NOD/SCID mice injected with indicated cells. ( E ) Western blot analyses of cytoplasmic and nucleic protein fractions in lung tissues from NOD/SCID mice injected with indicated cells. ( F ) Western blot analyses of lysates of lung tissues from Cxcr5 mutant mice treated with BaP. ( G ) IHC assays for the expression of β–catenin in Cxcr5 mutant mice upon BaP. ( H ) Immunofluorescence analyses of β-catenin in A549 cells transfected with control vector (V) or SPP1, or treated with THP-1 supernatant (Mϕs.) or supernatant of THP-1 cells co-incubated with CXCL13 (M13s.). ( I ) Western blot analyses of cytoplasmic and nucleic protein fractions of A549 cells transfected with control vector (V) or SPP1, or treated with Mϕs. or M13s. ( J ) Real-time PCR assays of indicated genes in A549 cells transfected with control vector or SPP1, or treated with Mϕs. or M13s. ( K ) Western blot analyses of lysates of A549 cells transfected with control vector (V) or SPP1, or treated with Mϕs. or M13s, using indicated antibodies. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.018

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Injection, Mutagenesis, Immunofluorescence, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Incubation

Journal: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Article Title: Signal Regulatory Protein ? Regulates the Homeostasis of T Lymphocytes in the Spleen

doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100528

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reduced expression of CCL19, CCL21, and IL-7 in the spleen of SIRPα MT mice. Expression of CCL19 (Ccl19), CCL21 (Ccl21), or CXCL13 (Cxcl13) mRNA (A) and IL-7 (Il7) mRNA (B) in the spleen of WT or SIRPα MT mice was evaluated by quantitative PCR. The level of expression of each mRNA was normalized to that of GAPDH mRNA and presented as fold increase relative to the value for WT mice. Data are means ± SE for a total of 10 mice per group in three independent experiments. C, Frozen sections of the spleen from WT or SIRPα MT mice were double-stained with pAbs to CCL19 (left panels, red), CCL21 (middle panels, red), or CXCL13 (right panels, red) and an mAb to B220 (left and middle panels, green) or Thy1.2 (right panels, green). Scale bar, 200 μm. D, Frozen sections of the spleen from WT or SIRPα MT mice were stained with mAbs to gp38 (red) and B220 (green). Scale bar, 200 μm (left panels). The area for gp38-positive region was measured per each image. Data are means ± SE for a total of four (WT) or three (MT) mice per group (right panel). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 (Student t test).

Article Snippet: Goat anti-mouse CCL21, CCL19, and CXCL13 polyclonal Abs were purchased from R&D Systems.

Techniques: Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Staining

Journal: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Article Title: Signal Regulatory Protein ? Regulates the Homeostasis of T Lymphocytes in the Spleen

doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100528

Figure Lengend Snippet: Importance of CD47 for development of the splenic T cell zone. A, Paraffin sections of the spleen from WT or CD47-deficient (KO) mice were stained with H&E. Scale bar, 200 μm. B, Frozen sections of the spleen from WT or CD47 KO mice were stained with mAbs to B220 (green) and Thy1.2 (red). Scale bar, 500 μm (left panels). The area for Thy1.2-positive T cell zone or B220-positive B cell zone was measured per each image by the use of Image J software (National Institutes of Health). Data are means ± SE for a total of six mice per group (right panel). C, The absolute numbers of B cells (B220+), CD4+ T cells (CD4+), and CD8+ T cells (CD8+) in the spleen of WT or CD47 KO mice were determined by flow cytometry. Data are means ± SE from three mice per group and representative of three independent experiments. Expression of CCL19 (Ccl19), CCL21 (Ccl21), or CXCL13 (Cxcl13) mRNA (D) or IL-7 (Il7) mRNA (E) in the spleen of WT or CD47 KO mice was evaluated by quantitative PCR. The level of expression of each mRNA was normalized to that of GAPDH mRNA and presented as fold increase relative to the value for WT mice. Data are means ± SE for a total of five mice per group in three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 (Student t test).

Article Snippet: Goat anti-mouse CCL21, CCL19, and CXCL13 polyclonal Abs were purchased from R&D Systems.

Techniques: Staining, Software, Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Article Title: Signal Regulatory Protein ? Regulates the Homeostasis of T Lymphocytes in the Spleen

doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100528

Figure Lengend Snippet: Importance of hematopoietic SIRPα for development of the splenic T cell zone. A, WT or SIRPα MT mice were lethally irradiated and then reconstituted with 5 × 105 BM cells from WT or MT mice for generating WT→WT, WT→MT, or MT→WT chimeras. Eight weeks after transplantation, spleens were harvested, and frozen sections of the spleen from each chimera were stained with mAbs to B220 (green) and to Thy1.2 (red). Scale bar, 500 μm (upper panels). The area for Thy1.2-positive T cell zone or B220-positive B cell zone was measured per each image by the use of Image J software (National Institutes of Health). Data are means ± SE of eight to nine mice per group in two independent experiments (lower panels). Expression of CCL19 (Ccl19), CCL21 (Ccl21) or CXCL13 (Cxcl13) mRNA (B) or IL-7 (Il7) mRNA (C) in the spleen of WT→WT, WT→MT, or MT→WT chimeras was evaluated by quantitative PCR. The level of expression of each mRNA was normalized to that of GAPDH mRNA and presented as fold increase relative to the value for WT→WT chimeras. Data are means ± SE of four mice per group and are representative in two independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 (one-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey-Kramer test).

Article Snippet: Goat anti-mouse CCL21, CCL19, and CXCL13 polyclonal Abs were purchased from R&D Systems.

Techniques: Irradiation, Transplantation Assay, Staining, Software, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction